As the conversation around healthcare access continues to evolve, more states are expanding health coverage to include income-eligible individuals, regardless of their immigration status. An updated analysis from the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) highlights the growing trend of fully state-funded health programs aimed at covering immigrants excluded from federal assistance.
12 States and D.C. Now Cover Children Regardless of Immigration Status
As of March 2024, 12 states—along with Washington D.C.—provide fully state-funded health coverage for income-eligible children, regardless of their immigration status. The states leading this charge include California, Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, and Washington. These programs extend coverage to undocumented children and other groups ineligible for federally funded programs like Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP).
Expanded Coverage for Adults
In addition to children, six states—California, Colorado, Illinois, New York, Oregon, and Washington, along with D.C.—have also extended fully state-funded health coverage to certain income-eligible adults regardless of their immigration status. These expansions, which include coverage for undocumented immigrants and recipients of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), began largely after 2020 as part of broader state initiatives to reduce uninsured rates among vulnerable populations.
Impact on Health Coverage for Immigrants
The KFF analysis underscores the tangible impact of these state-funded programs. According to the 2023 KFF/LA Times Survey of Immigrant Adults, immigrants living in states with expansive coverage policies are significantly less likely to be uninsured (11%) compared to those in states with fewer coverage options (22%). Despite these advancements, uninsured rates remain high among immigrant populations, particularly among noncitizen immigrants, with half of likely undocumented immigrant adults reporting being uninsured.
Challenges and Funding Constraints
While these state-funded programs are crucial in expanding healthcare access for immigrants, they face challenges, particularly in terms of funding. Each state differs in the scope of benefits offered and eligibility requirements, often based on available resources. With federal funding excluded for undocumented immigrants, states bear the full financial responsibility of these programs, making long-term sustainability a concern.
Looking Ahead
As more states consider expanding healthcare coverage for immigrants, the need for innovative solutions and consistent funding remains a key issue. These programs have proven effective in reducing uninsured rates and improving healthcare access for marginalized communities, but continued efforts and policy adjustments will be necessary to meet the healthcare needs of all residents, regardless of immigration status.